Coneflowers

• Coneflowers are drought tolerant, but new plants need water occasionally, and more often if the spring season is especially dry. 
• Native in ground seldom need fertilizer.
• To delay blooming for fall enjoyment (and compact growth), cut back stems 1 foot when plants come into bloom. For staggered bloom heights and times, cut only a few stems.
• Beneficial, wasplike soldier beetles may appear in August. They feed on insect eggs and larvae and pollinate plants. Do not harm them.
• In late fall, lightly spread mulch in colder regions.
• Cut the stems back to soil level when they wither or after frost.
• Divide or transplant coneflowers in spring or fall.

Deadheading Coneflowers

Should you deadhead coneflowers? There are pros and cons. Deadheading right after a flower fades prolongs blooming—and prevents reseeding. However, if you can wait until late winter, your birds will enjoy those seedheads—especially goldfinch. Plus, coneflowers self-seed prolifically so where you had only one, you’ll will have multiple places in the garden with lovely blooms that attract butterflies and bees.

How to deadhead? After flowers fade, cut back stems to leaf near a new flower bud or a set of leaves. Use sharp, sterilized shears as coneflowers are too thick to simply snap back the spent flower head with your fingers.

Growing Coneflowers in Pots

We tend to grow coneflowers in the ground as perennial plants, but you can certainly grow them in pots if the containers are deep enough for the plant’s taproot. 

• Use 2- or 3-gallon (or larger) pots, with drainage holes. Spread crushed gravel in the bottom of the pots for drainage.
• Fill the pot halfway with potting mix. Tamp down. Plant the root ball an inch below the rim of the container, spreading out the roots. Add soil slowly until it is even with the top of the root ball, tamping down lightly. Water deeply.
• Keep pots in partial shade for 2 to 3 days, then place in full morning sun and partial afternoon shade.
• Always water deeply at soil level with the soil is dry to the touch. Water on leaves can cause fungal disease.
• Fertilizer every couple of seeks with a water-soluble 10-10-10 product.
• Deadhead just below the base of the flower for continued bloom.
• To overwinter, prune plants to soil level when plant growth slows in fall.
• Move to a cool (40º to 50ºF) area, with low to moderate indirect light.
• Check the soil every couple of weeks and water lightly when the top 3 inches are dry. 
• When new.growth appears in spring, move to a brighter, warmer (60º to 70ºF) area. Moving the plant helps to prepare it for living outdoors in the spring and summer. 
• Do not water leaves from above, as this can encourage fungal disease on leaves. Instead, water at soil level. Use an insecticidal soap or neem oil solution spray if you see any aphids or pests.
• Every 3 to 4 years, in spring after new growth has started, divide and repot echinacea plants.